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Non-motorized transport (NMT) is a suitable and long-term mode of travel for both developing and developed countries. Although NMT is an integral part of urban mobility, it has received less attention in municipal planning and construction. This study explores the state of NMT services and facilities provided by local government institutions in Bangladesh. Data were collected via verbal interviews and questionnaires from 120 participants, covering socioeconomic factors, travel patterns, and satisfaction with NMT (accessibility, infrastructure, safety, environmental impact). Each factor's level of satisfaction ranged from poor to excellent, as judged by a 4-point Likert scale. Results reveal strong correlations among variables, such as noise and dust conditions (0.816) and negative correlation between public transport access and efficient speed (-0.615). PCA explained 24% of total variance, highlighting noise and dust as major issues influencing mode choice in Bangladesh.

Northern Bangladesh, consisting of 16 administrative districts, has suffered from several drought phenomena in the last few decades. This study aims to formulate a drought susceptibility map considering three different types of droughts, which later, was referred to as composite drought, and was derived from three different indices. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) along with Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) from MODIS-NDVI, and Standardized Water Index (SWI) were considered for assessing the meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. Drought condition was estimated for winter and pre-monsoon months (November to June) for 18 years, from 2000 through 2017. Individual drought maps for each month within the specified period were first prepared and then superimposed in the ArcGIS platform to produce an integrated drought map. Afterward, three different drought maps were incorporated to show the composite drought scenario. Then, extreme drought hot spots within the combined map were further identified using local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) method. Analyses showed that around 65% of the study area faced moderate to severe meteorological drought and mild to moderate agricultural and hydrological drought. The most extreme drought-prone month was March, and among 16 districts, Dinajpur and Naogaon faced the highest level of drought severity. This study is essentially important to unveil the individual drought susceptibility condition for a particular location. Detection of the composite drought hot spots will help in adopting short as well as long term adaptation and mitigation programs. At the same time, the methodology is reproducible for other drought-prone regions around the globe.

Pabna, a secondary city in Bangladesh, faces a lot of challenges such like unplanned urbanization, rapidly changing population and residential density, deficiency of municipal services and industrial and economic phenomena. The aim of this study is to measure the quality of different services delivered by the Pabna Municipality from the user perspective. In terms of User Satisfaction Index (USI) and Community Effect Index (CEI), number of good remarks respondents’ is high with the electricity supply, education facility, health facility, and market facility; more respondents were dissatisfied with the drainage and recreation facility. Citizen of the research area ranked as moderate with the waste management and water supply facility. The graph of Level of Service also revealed the same study. In response to the results, the responsible authorities should be focus on solid waste management, drainage system, water supply and betterment of recreation system of the study area. This study will be helpful for policy makers or responsible authority, research scholar to make a guideline for analysis of performance of different services and make a better development plan in this area or any other region of the world in similar context.

Accessibility of Hatiya, one of the most disaster-prone islands in Bangladesh, has many layers of challenges. Institutional arrangements guide the availability and quality of transports while islanders make travel decisions based on the geophysical character of the estuary and weather. These factors contribute to increasing disaster risks in transportation. The paper assesses accessibility using both primary and secondary data. Semi-structured interview responses helped in determining the Level of Services and Accessibility Indicators and generating Modal Suitability Matrix. Triangulating the findings with existing knowledge on geophysical dynamics and institutional arrangements illustrate, socially and politically constructed anthropogenic process to exacerbate risks arising from exposure to natural hazards in transportation. The supervision and monitoring of operation demand accountability and transparency. Thus, an integrated transport system can reduce disaster risks in the island's accessibility. The system needs to be culturally appropriate and use both technical and non-technical approaches.

A systematic review of the factors associated with pedestrian route choiceA systematic review of the factors associated with pedestrian route choice Transport Reviews · Dec 14, 2021Transport Reviews · Dec 14, 2021 Show publication Pedestrian route choice (PRC) is influenced by a wide range of factors, yet an understanding of the trends, patterns, and findings of PRC research is a gap in the literature. The present study applied the PRISMA framework to systematically identify published studies on PRC. The identified studies were synthesized by answering the systematic classification scheme (SCS) questions. Results show that prior studies have used a total of 105 factors associated with PRC. The identified factors were categorized under three groups (i.e. pedestrian socio-demographic factors, built environment factors, trip characteristics). The findings of this systematic review identified several critical research gaps for studying PRC behaviour. Future PRC research should aim to determine the influence of social, physical, and individual factors associated with PRC and the nature of the relationships of those factors with PRC.